双结雪崩对PiN二极管雪崩耐量的影响
来源: 编者:关艳霞(1),周悦(1),游佩武(2),潘福泉(1,2) 发布时间:2014-01-02
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摘要:通过对PiN二极管在不同反向雪崩电流下空间电荷区电场分布的仿真分析,研究了电场分布与反向电流之间的关系,当反向电流达到一定值时,电场分布出现两个尖峰——p+n结的电场尖峰和nn+结的电场尖峰。一旦nn+结出现雪崩倍增,反向雪崩电流就出现正反馈,产生电流的局部集中。通过电流与温度分布的仿真分析,得出雪崩耐量将随反向电流的增加而减小。在有场效应环结构的二极管中,由于边缘位置首先发生雪崩,因此失效多在边缘,该分析结果与实际测试现象相吻合。 |
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关键词:PIN二极管 雪崩能量 双结雪崩 电流集中 |
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Abstract:electric field distribution of the PIN diode space charge region under various reverse avalanche current was simulated, moreover, the relation between the electric field distribution and reverse current was studied, and then, when the reverse current reaches a certain value, there are two electric field peaks, the electric field peak of p+n junction and the electric field peak of nn+ junction. Once there is avalanche multiplication at nn+ junction, the reverse current appeared positive feedback, resulting to current crowding. Through the simulation on the distribution of current and temperature, it was gained that the maximum reverse avalanche breakdown energy decreased with the reverse current increasing. In the diode with planar junction termination, because the edge usually limits the maximal possible blocking capability, the failure happen at the edge, and it is consistent with the actual test. |
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Keyword:PIN diode; maximum reverse avalanche breakdown energy; current filament |
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1引言
功率二极管一般为p+nn+结构,当其处于正向偏置状态时,p+nn+二极管的低中间掺杂区域通常要被驱动到大注入状态,在这种状态下,n区如本证状态,因此称p+nn+二极管为PiN二极管[1]。
PiN二极管的阻断能力受雪崩击穿的限制。当电压高于器件的额定电压时就发生雪崩击穿。在某些情况下,二极管需要工作在雪崩击穿模式下,并承受一定大小的雪崩电流。雪崩耐量(最大雪崩耗散能)Eav的一般形式由下式给出:
(1)
如果反向雪崩电流以瞬时方波脉冲电流的形式施加给已经工作在雪崩模式下的二极管,则雪崩耐量还可以用下式进行计算:
(2)
式中,IPPM为施加在已经发生雪崩的二极管上的瞬时脉冲方波最大电流,VB为IPPM下的雪崩击穿电压,tav为IPPM所能维持的时间。
以厂家提供的数据为例,在不同IPPM下,PiN二极管所能承担的雪崩耐量如表一:
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